What is System Development? System Development is a set of activities used to build an information system. A system is a set of components that interact to achieve a common goal. Whereas an information system is a collection of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce quality information. System development activities are grouped into phases, collectively called the system development life cycle.
System development follows three general guidelines, which are :
- Group activities or tasks into phases
- Involve users
- Define standards
Project management is the process of planning, scheduling, and then controlling the activities during system development. Normally, to plan and schedule a project efficiently, the project leader should identify the project scope, the required activities, the time estimates for each activity, the cost estimates for each activity, the order of activities, and the activities that can take place at the same time.
Feasibility is a measure of how suitable the development of a system will be to the organization. Such as the operational feasibility, schedule feasibility, technical feasibility, and economic feasibility.
Documentation is the collection and summarization of data and information. For example a project notebook contains all documentation for a single project. Users and IT professionals normally refers to existing documentation when working with and modifying current systems.
Planning Phase
The planning phase for a project begins when the steering commitee receives a project request. For major activities that normally takes part in the planning phase are :
- Review and approve the project request
- Prioritize the project request
- Allocate resources
- Form a project development team
Analysis Phase
The analysis phase consists of two major activities :
-Conducting a preliminary investigation
- Determines and defines the exact nature of the problem or improvement
- Interview the user who submitted the request
-Performing detailed analysis
- Study how the current system works
- Determine the user's wants, needs, and requirements.
- Recommend a solution
Process modeling is an analysis and design technique that describes processes that transform inputs into outputs.
The project dictionary contains all the documentation and deliverables of a project. Structured English is style of writing that describes the steps in a process. Whereas data dictionary stores the data item's name, description, and other details about each data item.
Design Phase
The design phase consists of two major activities. Which are to acquire the hardware and software, as well as to develop all of the details of the new or modified information system.
A prototype is a working model of the proposed system.
-Prototypes have inadequate or missing documentation
-Users tend to embrace the prototype as a final system
-Should not eliminate or replace activities
Implementation Phase
The purpose of the implementation phase it to construct the new or modified system and then deliver it. The program development life cycle follows certain steps, which are respectively :
- Analyzing the requirements
- Designing the solution
- Validating the design
- Implementing the design
- Testing the solution
- Documenting the solution
Training involves showing users exactly how they will use the new hardware and software in the system. Such as practicing more one-on-one sessions, and implementing more classroom-style lectures as we as web-based training.
Operation, Support, and Security Phase
The purpose of the operation, support, and security phase is to provide ongoing assistance for an information system and its users after the system is implemented.
A computer security plan should carry out the these following activities :
- Identify all information assets of an organization
- Identify all security risk that may cause an information asset loss
- For each risk, identify the safeguards that exist to detect, prevent and recover from a loss
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